Tag: Solar Energy

Introduction

Canadian Solar Inc. is one of the largest and most established solar energy companies in the world. It has made significant contributions to the global transition toward renewable energy, specifically solar power. With a presence in over 20 countries, Canadian Solar has successfully integrated itself into both the manufacturing of solar photovoltaic (PV) products and the development of solar projects. In this article, we will explore the history, operations, competitive positioning, financials, the future prospects of Canadian Solar and of course make a comprehensive analysis of the stock of Canadian Solar.

History and Founding

Canadian Solar was founded in 2001 by Dr. Shawn Qu, a former University of Toronto researcher with a background in electrical engineering. Dr. Qu, originally from China, started the company in Ontario, Canada, with the goal of providing high-performance solar modules at competitive prices. The company’s initial focus was on manufacturing solar cells and modules, and its breakthrough came with its focus on high efficiency and the development of advanced technologies in the solar industry.

The decision to base the company in Canada was a strategic move, given the country’s growing interest in clean energy and environmental sustainability. However, Canadian Solar’s roots were international, as Dr. Qu leveraged relationships in China for access to affordable manufacturing resources. The company quickly expanded from its Canadian base and set up large-scale manufacturing operations in China, where it remains one of the leading solar module manufacturers today.

Canadian Solar’s commitment to innovation and sustainability has allowed it to grow from a small, niche manufacturer to a global leader in solar energy. The company’s products are now used in residential, commercial, and utility-scale solar projects around the world, making Canadian Solar a key player in the global energy transition.

Illustration 1: Canadian Solar logo with sun and rays symbolizing commitment to solar power.

Operations and Products

Canadian Solar operates in two major segments: Solar Module Manufacturing and Solar Power Projects.

Solar Module Manufacturing Canadian Solar produces a wide range of photovoltaic (PV) products, including solar modules, inverters, and energy storage systems. Their solar panels are among the most efficient on the market, with varying products designed for different types of consumers, ranging from residential to large-scale commercial and utility installations. The company uses advanced technology such as PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) to ensure high efficiency and durability of their modules.

Solar Power Projects Beyond manufacturing, Canadian Solar is actively involved in the development, financing, and operation of solar power projects globally. This segment includes utility-scale solar farms, distributed solar energy systems for commercial and industrial clients, and energy storage solutions.

Canadian Solar has completed over 10 GW of solar projects worldwide, cementing its position as a leading solar energy provider. The company focuses on end-to-end solar solutions, offering customers everything from project development to system integration, operation, and maintenance.

In addition to these, Canadian Solar has made significant strides in the energy storage market. As the world shifts towards renewable energy, energy storage solutions are seen as a key enabler for balancing intermittent power generation from solar and wind energy. Canadian Solar’s energy storage division, which works in tandem with their solar projects, provides customers with grid-independent solutions that help store excess energy for later use.

Revenue Breakdown

The revenue breakdown of Canadian Solar is as follows:

1. Solar Module Manufacturing: This segment represents the largest portion of Canadian Solar’s revenue, contributing approximately 60-70%. The company’s solar modules are sold to both residential and commercial customers and are used in utility-scale projects. This portion of the business continues to grow as demand for solar energy increases globally, driven by favorable government policies, falling solar costs, and rising environmental concerns.

2. Solar Power Projects: The company’s solar power projects segment accounts for around 25-35% of its revenue. This portion includes the sale of solar power plants, as well as ongoing income generated from the operation of these plants. Over the years, Canadian Solar has managed to increase its share of revenue from projects, reflecting the growing demand for large-scale solar farms and distributed generation systems.

3. Energy Storage and Other Products: Although a smaller segment, energy storage systems and other ancillary products are becoming an increasingly important part of Canadian Solar’s portfolio. This segment contributes roughly 5-10% of the company’s total revenue.

Illustration 2: Energy Storage is quickly becoming a growing sector for Canadian Solar.

Canadian Solar has also been successful in managing costs and improving operational efficiency. The company’s gross margin has steadily improved due to its focus on high-efficiency products and scaling its manufacturing operations.

Key Competitors

Canadian Solar operates in a very highly competitive market. Its key competitors include:

• First Solar (FSLR): A US-based solar energy company, First Solar is one of the leading manufacturers of thin-film solar modules. Unlike Canadian Solar, which primarily produces crystalline silicon modules, First Solar specializes in cadmium telluride (CdTe) technology. First Solar is known for its utility-scale solar projects, similar to Canadian Solar’s project development segment.

• JinkoSolar (JKS): Another Chinese solar giant, JinkoSolar is one of the largest manufacturers of solar panels globally. JinkoSolar’s strength lies in its focus on technology, with an emphasis on increasing panel efficiency and reducing costs. The company’s global footprint is comparable to Canadian Solar’s, and its competitive pricing makes it a formidable rival.
• Trina Solar (TSL): Trina Solar is another major Chinese player in the solar market. Like Canadian Solar, it operates in both module manufacturing and project development. Trina Solar has a strong presence in Europe, the Americas, and Asia.
• LONGi Green Energy (601012.SS): LONGi is one of the largest manufacturers of monocrystalline silicon solar products. With a focus on technology and efficiency, LONGi competes directly with Canadian Solar in the module manufacturing market.
• SunPower (SPWR): Based in the United States, SunPower is a major player in both residential and commercial solar installations. SunPower differentiates itself by offering premium solar products, while Canadian Solar offers a broader range of modules for different market segments.

To sum up, the solar power market is highly competitive with many competitors to challenge Canadian Solar.

Market Position and Competitive Advantages

Despite very high competion Canadian Solar holds a competitive edge in several areas:

Global Reach: With manufacturing facilities in China, Canada, and other parts of the world, Canadian Solar has a robust global supply chain and can cater to customers in diverse markets. Its presence in the Americas, Europe, and Asia ensures that it remains competitive in the global solar market.

Innovation and Technology: Canadian Solar places a strong emphasis on research and development (R&D). The company consistently strives to improve the efficiency and durability of its solar panels, which has helped it maintain its competitive edge. Canadian Solar is at the forefront of solar cell and panel technology, incorporating advanced technologies like PERC and bifacial modules.

Illustration 3: Canadian Solar’s is well known for being invested in research and development.

Cost Leadership: One of the key drivers behind Canadian Solar’s success is its ability to maintain a competitive price point while offering high-quality products. By leveraging economies of scale and low-cost manufacturing in China, Canadian Solar can keep its prices lower than many competitors while maintaining margins.

Illustration 4 and 5: Revenue of Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2023.

As seen in Illustrations 4 and 5, Canadian Solar’s revenue has been increasing over the long term, particularly in recent years. This growth is driven by rising global demand for solar energy, increased module shipments, and expansion into energy storage and project development. Additionally, favorable government policies and renewable energy commitments continue to fuel sales, positioning the company for sustained growth.

However, despite this overall upward trend, Canadian Solar’s revenue growth has been inconsistent. As shown in Illustrations 4 and 5, there have been years—such as 2012, 2016, and 2019—where revenue declined. This volatility is partly due to intense competition in the solar industry, fluctuating market conditions, and policy shifts affecting demand. For investors, this inconsistency raises concerns, as it suggests that Canadian Solar may not deliver steady revenue growth year after year, making it a potentially riskier investment compared to companies with more predictable financial performance.

Even though revenue growth has been inconsistent, the long-term trend remains upward. Considering the rising global demand for energy, the increasing popularity of solar power, and the momentum of the green energy transition, Canadian Solar is well-positioned for future growth. These factors, combined with the company’s expanding product offerings and global presence, suggest a promising outlook despite short-term volatility.

Illustration 6 and 7: Net Income of Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2023.

Net income is a crucial metric to evaluate when determining whether a company is a worthwhile investment. It represents a company’s net profit or loss after accounting for all revenues, income items, and expenses, calculated as Net Income = Revenue – Expenses.

As seen in Illustrations 6 and 7, Canadian Solar’s net profit has shown a slight upward trend but has mostly remained relatively flat with fluctuations since 2014, peaking around 250. This inconsistency is a red flag for potential investors, as it indicates that despite growing revenue, the company has struggled to achieve steady profit growth. Factors such as pricing pressure, industry competition, and fluctuating costs may be limiting profitability, making it difficult for investors to rely on sustained earnings growth. When investing in a company, increasing profits is one of the most—if not the most—important factors for investors. However, Canadian Solar has struggled to achieve consistent profitability, as its net income has remained relatively stable over the years despite growing revenue. This lack of sustained profit growth raises concerns about the company’s ability to improve margins and generate higher returns for shareholders in the long run.

Revenue breakdown

Illustration 8: Revenue Breakdown for Canadian Solar

As seen in Illustration 8, Canadian Solar is a pure-play solar energy company, generating all its revenue from the solar industry. This makes it an ideal investment opportunity for those seeking direct exposure to the solar sector. However, for investors looking for diversification within the broader utility sector, Canadian Solar may not be the best fit, as it lacks revenue streams from other energy sources or utility-related businesses.

Additionally, Illustration 8 highlights that the cost of sales in the solar energy industry is significantly high, which consumes a large portion of Canadian Solar’s revenue. On top of that, the company allocates substantial funds toward R&D, administration, and marketing, further limiting its net profit. As a result, despite strong revenue figures, the company’s actual profitability remains relatively low, which could be a concern for investors focused on earnings growth.

Earnings per shar (EPS)

Earnings Per Share (EPS) is a key financial metric that measures a company’s profitability on a per-share basis. It indicates how much profit a company generates for each outstanding share of its stock, and is used o assess a company’s financial health, profitability, and potential for growth. In other words this metric can tell us how profitable the business is,

Illustration 9: Earnings per share for Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2023.

The EPS figure itself isn’t the primary focus for value investors—it can be 0.2 or 10, but what truly matters is the company’s ability to generate consistent earnings growth. A steadily increasing EPS over time signals strong financial health, profitability, and long-term value creation.

Canadian Solar’s earnings per share (EPS) performance from 2009 to 2023 presents a mixed picture for investors. While the company has demonstrated resilience and growth in revenue over the long term, its EPS has been highly volatile, with significant fluctuations rather than a consistent upward trend. Periods of strong earnings, such as in 2014, have been followed by years of weaker performance, making it difficult for investors to predict steady profit growth. This inconsistency can be a red flag for long-term investors who prioritize stable and growing earnings, as it suggests that Canadian Solar’s profitability is sensitive to external factors like pricing pressure, raw material costs, and government policies.

Assets and Liabilities

Illustration 10 and 11:  Assets, Liabilities and Total Shareholder Equity for Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2023.

When evaluating a company as a potential investment, understanding its assets and liabilities is crucial. If a local business owner offered to sell their shop to you, one of the first questions—after determining its profitability—would be about its equity and assets. The same principle applies when assessing publicly traded companies like Dominion Energy.

As shown in Illustrations 10 and 11, Canadian Solar has a substantial asset base, totaling $11.9 billion in 2024. This steady asset growth over time is a positive sign, indicating that the company is expanding its operations, investing in new technologies, and strengthening its market position. A growing asset base often reflects a company’s ability to scale its business, acquire new projects, and improve its production capacity, which is particularly important in the highly competitive solar energy industry.

At the same time, Canadian Solar’s total liabilities have also increased significantly, rising from $573 million in 2009 to $8.2 billion in 2024. While such a sharp increase in debt might raise concerns for some investors, it is not necessarily a red flag given the nature of the solar energy business. Solar companies typically operate in a capital-intensive environment where they must secure substantial financing to fund large-scale projects, develop infrastructure, and maintain their competitive edge. Debt financing is often necessary for expanding solar farms, increasing manufacturing capacity, and advancing energy storage solutions, all of which contribute to long-term growth.

The key factor for investors is whether Canadian Solar can effectively manage its debt while maintaining strong revenue and profitability. If the company can generate consistent cash flow and sustain high demand for its products and services, its rising liabilities may not be a major issue. However, if debt levels continue to grow faster than revenue or profits, it could indicate financial strain, making it important for investors to monitor the company’s ability to service its obligations while maintaining profitability.

The cash on hand for Canadian Solar is a green flag for potential investors, as the company has $2.9 billion in readily available cash as of 2023. This strong cash reserve provides the company with flexibility and liquidity, enabling it to navigate market fluctuations, invest in new projects, and meet its short-term financial obligations without relying heavily on external financing.

Additionally, Canadian Solar’s long-term debt of $1.65 billion in 2023 is significantly lower than its available cash, which is a positive sign for investors. This indicates that the company has a solid financial cushion and is not overly reliant on debt to fund its operations. It suggests that Canadian Solar is in a strong position to manage its liabilities, fund future growth, and weather economic downturns without significant financial strain. This balance between cash and debt is reassuring for investors, as it reflects financial stability and prudent management of resources.

As seen in Illustration 11, Total Shareholder Equity—calculated as total assets minus total liabilities—has consistently grown over the past 14 years. This is a positive indicator for potential investors, as it suggests that Canadian Solar is building value over time rather than eroding its financial foundation. A steadily increasing shareholder equity indicates that the company’s assets are growing at a faster rate than its liabilities, which is a green flag for financial health. This trend suggests that Canadian Solar is successfully expanding its operations while maintaining a solid balance sheet. Additionally, rising equity provides a buffer against financial downturns, making the company more resilient in times of economic uncertainty. However, investors should also consider how this growth is achieved—whether through profitable operations or increased debt financing—to fully assess the sustainability of this trend.

Debt to Equity Ratio

Illustration 12 and 13: The Debt to Equity ratio of Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2024.

The Debt-to-Equity (D/E) ratio is an important financial metric for assessing Canadian Solar’s financial leverage and risk. It compares the amount of debt the company uses to finance its operations relative to its shareholder equity. A high D/E ratio suggests that the company relies more heavily on debt to fuel growth, which could increase financial risk, especially during economic downturns when managing debt obligations becomes more challenging. In contrast, a lower D/E ratio indicates that Canadian Solar is primarily financed through equity, reducing financial risk but potentially limiting its ability to rapidly expand.

In recent years, Canadian Solar has maintained a relatively high D/E ratio, reflecting its reliance on both debt and equity financing to support its operations. This is typical for companies in the solar industry, as they often need to take on debt to fund large-scale projects, infrastructure, and expansion into new areas like energy storage. However, while leveraging debt is common in the sector, investors should remain cautious and monitor Canadian Solar’s ability to manage its increasing debt load. A high D/E ratio, particularly during periods of rising interest rates or market volatility, can place pressure on profitability and financial stability.

As of 2023, Canadian Solar’s D/E ratio reached nearly 6, and it was also high in 2016 and 2017, exceeding 5. While the company has made strides in reducing its debt and increasing equity over time, its D/E ratio remains substantially higher than the level recommended by investors like Warren Buffett, who prefers a ratio below 0.5. This suggests that while the company has made progress, Canadian Solar still carries a significant debt burden that investors should carefully assess to ensure it does not hinder long-term growth or financial health.

Price to earnings ratio (P/E)

Illustration 14 and 15: The price to earning ratio for Canadian Solar from 2010 to 2024. The P/E ratio was negative and/or not available for 2012 and 2013.

For value investors, one of the most critical metrics when evaluating Canadian Solar’s stock is the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, as it helps assess whether the company is undervalued or overvalued. Even if a company has strong financials, purchasing its stock at a high price can lead to poor returns. For example, imagine a business generating solid profits of $1 million per year. If the owner offers to sell you the business for just $1, it would be an incredible deal. But if the owner asks for $1 trillion, even though the business is profitable, the price would be absurdly overvalued. The stock market works similarly—companies can be priced cheaply on some days and excessively expensive on others.

Warren Buffett, a legendary value investor, typically considers stocks with a P/E ratio of 15 or lower as “bargains.” A high P/E ratio suggests that investors are paying a premium for the company’s earnings, expecting significant growth. However, this also indicates that the stock is expensive relative to its earnings, which can be a red flag for value investors. Canadian Solar’s P/E ratio has fluctuated widely over the years. For example, it was in bargain territory at 4.93 in 2011, before reaching a strongly overpriced level of 62.2 in 2021. However, with the current P/E ratio of 29.90 at 16 February 2025, Canadian Solar’s stock can be seen as fairly priced, meaning it is neither undervalued nor an ideal investment for value investors seeking a strong bargain.

The strongly fluctuating prices for Canadian Solar indicates that the company’s stock price is volatile relative to its earnings, and signal uncertainty in the market or changing investor expectations about future growth. For potential investors the fluctuating prices gives them the opportunity to buy the stock at bargain price, but they should be very careful not buy at the top.

Dividend

Canadian Solar does not currently offer a dividend, focusing instead on reinvesting its profits into growth initiatives, including expanding solar projects and developing energy storage solutions. This approach is common for growth-focused companies, especially in the renewable energy sector, where significant capital is needed for expansion.

While Canadian Solar doesn’t provide regular income through dividends, its strategy of reinvestment can be appealing to growth investors looking for long-term capital appreciation rather than immediate returns. However, the lack of dividends may be a red flag for income-focused investors who rely on steady income from their investments. This strategy could also limit some investor interest, especially those seeking consistent payouts.

To summarize:

✅ Green Flag:

• Growth Potential: By reinvesting profits, Canadian Solar is positioning itself for long-term growth in the rapidly expanding solar and renewable energy sectors.
• Capital Allocation: The company prioritizes strategic investments in projects and innovation over dividend payouts.

🚩 Red Flag:

• No Dividend: The lack of dividends may deter income-seeking investors, as Canadian Solar reinvests all profits rather than distributing earnings to shareholders.

Insider Trading

A key metric to consider when evaluating Canadian Solar as an investment is insider trading activity, specifically whether company insiders have been buying or selling shares in the past year. It’s important to focus on who is making these transactions, with particular attention to directors, as their actions often provide more insight into the company’s future prospects than those of officers.

As shown in recent data, there has been no insider selling at Canadian Solar. This is a green flag for investors, as it suggests that insiders have confidence in the company’s future performance and are holding on to their shares, rather than liquidating them.

Other Company info

As of the latest data, Canadian Solar employs approximately 22,200 people, reflecting steady growth from around 8,700 employees in 2014. The company was founded in 2001 and is headquartered in Ontario, Canada. It is listed on the NASDAQ exchange under the ticker CSIQ and operates within the Solar Energy industry under the broader Renewable Energy sector. Canadian Solar currently has approximately 73.3 million shares outstanding and a market capitalization of around USD 4.58 billion.

The company’s corporate headquarters is located at 545 Speedvale Avenue West, Guelph, Ontario N1K 1E6, Canada. For more information, you can visit their official website at www.canadiansolar.com.

Illustration 16-18: Number of employees at Canadian Solar and its location in Ontario, Canada.

Canadian Solar presents a promising long-term opportunity, particularly for investors interested in the renewable energy sector. The company is making significant strides in solar energy, energy storage, and utility-scale projects, positioning itself well for the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions. However, its financial health warrants careful consideration.

Although Canadian Solar has a solid asset base, its rising debt levels and increasing liabilities each year contribute to heightened financial risk. A significant portion of its revenue is consumed by costs of goods sold and operating expenses, limiting its profitability. As a result, while Canadian Solar has shown growth, its profitability has been inconsistent, and some of its expansion plans have not met expectations.

From a value investing standpoint, Canadian Solar does not appear to be undervalued, which may make it less appealing for investors seeking stocks with strong financials available at a discount. While the company holds substantial growth potential in the renewable energy sector, it’s crucial for investors to consider the associated risks, especially given its financial structure and profitability challenges. A key concern is that despite the increase in revenue, Canadian Solar’s net profit has remained stagnant, signaling potential inefficiencies or other underlying issues that may affect future profitability. Given these factors, our recommendation is to proceed with caution. If you find our analysis valuable, consider subscribing by entering your email below.

Introduction

Canadian Solar Inc. is one of the largest and most established solar energy companies in the world. It has made significant contributions to the global transition toward renewable energy, specifically solar power. With a presence in over 20 countries, Canadian Solar has successfully integrated itself into both the manufacturing of solar photovoltaic (PV) products and the development of solar projects. In this article, we will explore the history, operations, competitive positioning, financials, the future prospects of Canadian Solar and of course make a comprehensive analysis of the stock of Canadian Solar.

History and Founding

Canadian Solar was founded in 2001 by Dr. Shawn Qu, a former University of Toronto researcher with a background in electrical engineering. Dr. Qu, originally from China, started the company in Ontario, Canada, with the goal of providing high-performance solar modules at competitive prices. The company’s initial focus was on manufacturing solar cells and modules, and its breakthrough came with its focus on high efficiency and the development of advanced technologies in the solar industry.

The decision to base the company in Canada was a strategic move, given the country’s growing interest in clean energy and environmental sustainability. However, Canadian Solar’s roots were international, as Dr. Qu leveraged relationships in China for access to affordable manufacturing resources. The company quickly expanded from its Canadian base and set up large-scale manufacturing operations in China, where it remains one of the leading solar module manufacturers today.

Canadian Solar’s commitment to innovation and sustainability has allowed it to grow from a small, niche manufacturer to a global leader in solar energy. The company’s products are now used in residential, commercial, and utility-scale solar projects around the world, making Canadian Solar a key player in the global energy transition.

Illustration 1: Canadian Solar logo with sun and rays symbolizing commitment to solar power.

Operations and Products

Canadian Solar operates in two major segments: Solar Module Manufacturing and Solar Power Projects.

Solar Module Manufacturing Canadian Solar produces a wide range of photovoltaic (PV) products, including solar modules, inverters, and energy storage systems. Their solar panels are among the most efficient on the market, with varying products designed for different types of consumers, ranging from residential to large-scale commercial and utility installations. The company uses advanced technology such as PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) to ensure high efficiency and durability of their modules.

Solar Power Projects Beyond manufacturing, Canadian Solar is actively involved in the development, financing, and operation of solar power projects globally. This segment includes utility-scale solar farms, distributed solar energy systems for commercial and industrial clients, and energy storage solutions.

Canadian Solar has completed over 10 GW of solar projects worldwide, cementing its position as a leading solar energy provider. The company focuses on end-to-end solar solutions, offering customers everything from project development to system integration, operation, and maintenance.

In addition to these, Canadian Solar has made significant strides in the energy storage market. As the world shifts towards renewable energy, energy storage solutions are seen as a key enabler for balancing intermittent power generation from solar and wind energy. Canadian Solar’s energy storage division, which works in tandem with their solar projects, provides customers with grid-independent solutions that help store excess energy for later use.

Revenue Breakdown

The revenue breakdown of Canadian Solar is as follows:

1. Solar Module Manufacturing: This segment represents the largest portion of Canadian Solar’s revenue, contributing approximately 60-70%. The company’s solar modules are sold to both residential and commercial customers and are used in utility-scale projects. This portion of the business continues to grow as demand for solar energy increases globally, driven by favorable government policies, falling solar costs, and rising environmental concerns.

2. Solar Power Projects: The company’s solar power projects segment accounts for around 25-35% of its revenue. This portion includes the sale of solar power plants, as well as ongoing income generated from the operation of these plants. Over the years, Canadian Solar has managed to increase its share of revenue from projects, reflecting the growing demand for large-scale solar farms and distributed generation systems.

3. Energy Storage and Other Products: Although a smaller segment, energy storage systems and other ancillary products are becoming an increasingly important part of Canadian Solar’s portfolio. This segment contributes roughly 5-10% of the company’s total revenue.

Illustration 2: Energy Storage is quickly becoming a growing sector for Canadian Solar.

Canadian Solar has also been successful in managing costs and improving operational efficiency. The company’s gross margin has steadily improved due to its focus on high-efficiency products and scaling its manufacturing operations.

Key Competitors

Canadian Solar operates in a very highly competitive market. Its key competitors include:

• First Solar (FSLR): A US-based solar energy company, First Solar is one of the leading manufacturers of thin-film solar modules. Unlike Canadian Solar, which primarily produces crystalline silicon modules, First Solar specializes in cadmium telluride (CdTe) technology. First Solar is known for its utility-scale solar projects, similar to Canadian Solar’s project development segment.

• JinkoSolar (JKS): Another Chinese solar giant, JinkoSolar is one of the largest manufacturers of solar panels globally. JinkoSolar’s strength lies in its focus on technology, with an emphasis on increasing panel efficiency and reducing costs. The company’s global footprint is comparable to Canadian Solar’s, and its competitive pricing makes it a formidable rival.
• Trina Solar (TSL): Trina Solar is another major Chinese player in the solar market. Like Canadian Solar, it operates in both module manufacturing and project development. Trina Solar has a strong presence in Europe, the Americas, and Asia.
• LONGi Green Energy (601012.SS): LONGi is one of the largest manufacturers of monocrystalline silicon solar products. With a focus on technology and efficiency, LONGi competes directly with Canadian Solar in the module manufacturing market.
• SunPower (SPWR): Based in the United States, SunPower is a major player in both residential and commercial solar installations. SunPower differentiates itself by offering premium solar products, while Canadian Solar offers a broader range of modules for different market segments.

To sum up, the solar power market is highly competitive with many competitors to challenge Canadian Solar.

Market Position and Competitive Advantages

Despite very high competion Canadian Solar holds a competitive edge in several areas:

Global Reach: With manufacturing facilities in China, Canada, and other parts of the world, Canadian Solar has a robust global supply chain and can cater to customers in diverse markets. Its presence in the Americas, Europe, and Asia ensures that it remains competitive in the global solar market.

Innovation and Technology: Canadian Solar places a strong emphasis on research and development (R&D). The company consistently strives to improve the efficiency and durability of its solar panels, which has helped it maintain its competitive edge. Canadian Solar is at the forefront of solar cell and panel technology, incorporating advanced technologies like PERC and bifacial modules.

Illustration 3: Canadian Solar’s is well known for being invested in research and development.

Cost Leadership: One of the key drivers behind Canadian Solar’s success is its ability to maintain a competitive price point while offering high-quality products. By leveraging economies of scale and low-cost manufacturing in China, Canadian Solar can keep its prices lower than many competitors while maintaining margins.

Illustration 4 and 5: Revenue of Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2023.

As seen in Illustrations 4 and 5, Canadian Solar’s revenue has been increasing over the long term, particularly in recent years. This growth is driven by rising global demand for solar energy, increased module shipments, and expansion into energy storage and project development. Additionally, favorable government policies and renewable energy commitments continue to fuel sales, positioning the company for sustained growth.

However, despite this overall upward trend, Canadian Solar’s revenue growth has been inconsistent. As shown in Illustrations 4 and 5, there have been years—such as 2012, 2016, and 2019—where revenue declined. This volatility is partly due to intense competition in the solar industry, fluctuating market conditions, and policy shifts affecting demand. For investors, this inconsistency raises concerns, as it suggests that Canadian Solar may not deliver steady revenue growth year after year, making it a potentially riskier investment compared to companies with more predictable financial performance.

Even though revenue growth has been inconsistent, the long-term trend remains upward. Considering the rising global demand for energy, the increasing popularity of solar power, and the momentum of the green energy transition, Canadian Solar is well-positioned for future growth. These factors, combined with the company’s expanding product offerings and global presence, suggest a promising outlook despite short-term volatility.

Illustration 6 and 7: Net Income of Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2023.

Net income is a crucial metric to evaluate when determining whether a company is a worthwhile investment. It represents a company’s net profit or loss after accounting for all revenues, income items, and expenses, calculated as Net Income = Revenue – Expenses.

As seen in Illustrations 6 and 7, Canadian Solar’s net profit has shown a slight upward trend but has mostly remained relatively flat with fluctuations since 2014, peaking around 250. This inconsistency is a red flag for potential investors, as it indicates that despite growing revenue, the company has struggled to achieve steady profit growth. Factors such as pricing pressure, industry competition, and fluctuating costs may be limiting profitability, making it difficult for investors to rely on sustained earnings growth. When investing in a company, increasing profits is one of the most—if not the most—important factors for investors. However, Canadian Solar has struggled to achieve consistent profitability, as its net income has remained relatively stable over the years despite growing revenue. This lack of sustained profit growth raises concerns about the company’s ability to improve margins and generate higher returns for shareholders in the long run.

Revenue breakdown

Illustration 8: Revenue Breakdown for Canadian Solar

As seen in Illustration 8, Canadian Solar is a pure-play solar energy company, generating all its revenue from the solar industry. This makes it an ideal investment opportunity for those seeking direct exposure to the solar sector. However, for investors looking for diversification within the broader utility sector, Canadian Solar may not be the best fit, as it lacks revenue streams from other energy sources or utility-related businesses.

Additionally, Illustration 8 highlights that the cost of sales in the solar energy industry is significantly high, which consumes a large portion of Canadian Solar’s revenue. On top of that, the company allocates substantial funds toward R&D, administration, and marketing, further limiting its net profit. As a result, despite strong revenue figures, the company’s actual profitability remains relatively low, which could be a concern for investors focused on earnings growth.

Earnings per shar (EPS)

Earnings Per Share (EPS) is a key financial metric that measures a company’s profitability on a per-share basis. It indicates how much profit a company generates for each outstanding share of its stock, and is used o assess a company’s financial health, profitability, and potential for growth. In other words this metric can tell us how profitable the business is,

Illustration 9: Earnings per share for Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2023.

The EPS figure itself isn’t the primary focus for value investors—it can be 0.2 or 10, but what truly matters is the company’s ability to generate consistent earnings growth. A steadily increasing EPS over time signals strong financial health, profitability, and long-term value creation.

Canadian Solar’s earnings per share (EPS) performance from 2009 to 2023 presents a mixed picture for investors. While the company has demonstrated resilience and growth in revenue over the long term, its EPS has been highly volatile, with significant fluctuations rather than a consistent upward trend. Periods of strong earnings, such as in 2014, have been followed by years of weaker performance, making it difficult for investors to predict steady profit growth. This inconsistency can be a red flag for long-term investors who prioritize stable and growing earnings, as it suggests that Canadian Solar’s profitability is sensitive to external factors like pricing pressure, raw material costs, and government policies.

Assets and Liabilities

Illustration 10 and 11:  Assets, Liabilities and Total Shareholder Equity for Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2023.

When evaluating a company as a potential investment, understanding its assets and liabilities is crucial. If a local business owner offered to sell their shop to you, one of the first questions—after determining its profitability—would be about its equity and assets. The same principle applies when assessing publicly traded companies like Dominion Energy.

As shown in Illustrations 10 and 11, Canadian Solar has a substantial asset base, totaling $11.9 billion in 2024. This steady asset growth over time is a positive sign, indicating that the company is expanding its operations, investing in new technologies, and strengthening its market position. A growing asset base often reflects a company’s ability to scale its business, acquire new projects, and improve its production capacity, which is particularly important in the highly competitive solar energy industry.

At the same time, Canadian Solar’s total liabilities have also increased significantly, rising from $573 million in 2009 to $8.2 billion in 2024. While such a sharp increase in debt might raise concerns for some investors, it is not necessarily a red flag given the nature of the solar energy business. Solar companies typically operate in a capital-intensive environment where they must secure substantial financing to fund large-scale projects, develop infrastructure, and maintain their competitive edge. Debt financing is often necessary for expanding solar farms, increasing manufacturing capacity, and advancing energy storage solutions, all of which contribute to long-term growth.

The key factor for investors is whether Canadian Solar can effectively manage its debt while maintaining strong revenue and profitability. If the company can generate consistent cash flow and sustain high demand for its products and services, its rising liabilities may not be a major issue. However, if debt levels continue to grow faster than revenue or profits, it could indicate financial strain, making it important for investors to monitor the company’s ability to service its obligations while maintaining profitability.

The cash on hand for Canadian Solar is a green flag for potential investors, as the company has $2.9 billion in readily available cash as of 2023. This strong cash reserve provides the company with flexibility and liquidity, enabling it to navigate market fluctuations, invest in new projects, and meet its short-term financial obligations without relying heavily on external financing.

Additionally, Canadian Solar’s long-term debt of $1.65 billion in 2023 is significantly lower than its available cash, which is a positive sign for investors. This indicates that the company has a solid financial cushion and is not overly reliant on debt to fund its operations. It suggests that Canadian Solar is in a strong position to manage its liabilities, fund future growth, and weather economic downturns without significant financial strain. This balance between cash and debt is reassuring for investors, as it reflects financial stability and prudent management of resources.

As seen in Illustration 11, Total Shareholder Equity—calculated as total assets minus total liabilities—has consistently grown over the past 14 years. This is a positive indicator for potential investors, as it suggests that Canadian Solar is building value over time rather than eroding its financial foundation. A steadily increasing shareholder equity indicates that the company’s assets are growing at a faster rate than its liabilities, which is a green flag for financial health. This trend suggests that Canadian Solar is successfully expanding its operations while maintaining a solid balance sheet. Additionally, rising equity provides a buffer against financial downturns, making the company more resilient in times of economic uncertainty. However, investors should also consider how this growth is achieved—whether through profitable operations or increased debt financing—to fully assess the sustainability of this trend.

Debt to Equity Ratio

Illustration 12 and 13: The Debt to Equity ratio of Canadian Solar from 2009 to 2024.

The Debt-to-Equity (D/E) ratio is an important financial metric for assessing Canadian Solar’s financial leverage and risk. It compares the amount of debt the company uses to finance its operations relative to its shareholder equity. A high D/E ratio suggests that the company relies more heavily on debt to fuel growth, which could increase financial risk, especially during economic downturns when managing debt obligations becomes more challenging. In contrast, a lower D/E ratio indicates that Canadian Solar is primarily financed through equity, reducing financial risk but potentially limiting its ability to rapidly expand.

In recent years, Canadian Solar has maintained a relatively high D/E ratio, reflecting its reliance on both debt and equity financing to support its operations. This is typical for companies in the solar industry, as they often need to take on debt to fund large-scale projects, infrastructure, and expansion into new areas like energy storage. However, while leveraging debt is common in the sector, investors should remain cautious and monitor Canadian Solar’s ability to manage its increasing debt load. A high D/E ratio, particularly during periods of rising interest rates or market volatility, can place pressure on profitability and financial stability.

As of 2023, Canadian Solar’s D/E ratio reached nearly 6, and it was also high in 2016 and 2017, exceeding 5. While the company has made strides in reducing its debt and increasing equity over time, its D/E ratio remains substantially higher than the level recommended by investors like Warren Buffett, who prefers a ratio below 0.5. This suggests that while the company has made progress, Canadian Solar still carries a significant debt burden that investors should carefully assess to ensure it does not hinder long-term growth or financial health.

Price to earnings ratio (P/E)

Illustration 14 and 15: The price to earning ratio for Canadian Solar from 2010 to 2024. The P/E ratio was negative and/or not available for 2012 and 2013.

For value investors, one of the most critical metrics when evaluating Canadian Solar’s stock is the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, as it helps assess whether the company is undervalued or overvalued. Even if a company has strong financials, purchasing its stock at a high price can lead to poor returns. For example, imagine a business generating solid profits of $1 million per year. If the owner offers to sell you the business for just $1, it would be an incredible deal. But if the owner asks for $1 trillion, even though the business is profitable, the price would be absurdly overvalued. The stock market works similarly—companies can be priced cheaply on some days and excessively expensive on others.

Warren Buffett, a legendary value investor, typically considers stocks with a P/E ratio of 15 or lower as “bargains.” A high P/E ratio suggests that investors are paying a premium for the company’s earnings, expecting significant growth. However, this also indicates that the stock is expensive relative to its earnings, which can be a red flag for value investors. Canadian Solar’s P/E ratio has fluctuated widely over the years. For example, it was in bargain territory at 4.93 in 2011, before reaching a strongly overpriced level of 62.2 in 2021. However, with the current P/E ratio of 29.90 at 16 February 2025, Canadian Solar’s stock can be seen as fairly priced, meaning it is neither undervalued nor an ideal investment for value investors seeking a strong bargain.

The strongly fluctuating prices for Canadian Solar indicates that the company’s stock price is volatile relative to its earnings, and signal uncertainty in the market or changing investor expectations about future growth. For potential investors the fluctuating prices gives them the opportunity to buy the stock at bargain price, but they should be very careful not buy at the top.

Dividend

Canadian Solar does not currently offer a dividend, focusing instead on reinvesting its profits into growth initiatives, including expanding solar projects and developing energy storage solutions. This approach is common for growth-focused companies, especially in the renewable energy sector, where significant capital is needed for expansion.

While Canadian Solar doesn’t provide regular income through dividends, its strategy of reinvestment can be appealing to growth investors looking for long-term capital appreciation rather than immediate returns. However, the lack of dividends may be a red flag for income-focused investors who rely on steady income from their investments. This strategy could also limit some investor interest, especially those seeking consistent payouts.

To summarize:

✅ Green Flag:

• Growth Potential: By reinvesting profits, Canadian Solar is positioning itself for long-term growth in the rapidly expanding solar and renewable energy sectors.
• Capital Allocation: The company prioritizes strategic investments in projects and innovation over dividend payouts.

🚩 Red Flag:

• No Dividend: The lack of dividends may deter income-seeking investors, as Canadian Solar reinvests all profits rather than distributing earnings to shareholders.

Insider Trading

A key metric to consider when evaluating Canadian Solar as an investment is insider trading activity, specifically whether company insiders have been buying or selling shares in the past year. It’s important to focus on who is making these transactions, with particular attention to directors, as their actions often provide more insight into the company’s future prospects than those of officers.

As shown in recent data, there has been no insider selling at Canadian Solar. This is a green flag for investors, as it suggests that insiders have confidence in the company’s future performance and are holding on to their shares, rather than liquidating them.

Other Company info

As of the latest data, Canadian Solar employs approximately 22,200 people, reflecting steady growth from around 8,700 employees in 2014. The company was founded in 2001 and is headquartered in Ontario, Canada. It is listed on the NASDAQ exchange under the ticker CSIQ and operates within the Solar Energy industry under the broader Renewable Energy sector. Canadian Solar currently has approximately 73.3 million shares outstanding and a market capitalization of around USD 4.58 billion.

The company’s corporate headquarters is located at 545 Speedvale Avenue West, Guelph, Ontario N1K 1E6, Canada. For more information, you can visit their official website at www.canadiansolar.com.

Illustration 16-18: Number of employees at Canadian Solar and its location in Ontario, Canada.

Canadian Solar presents a promising long-term opportunity, particularly for investors interested in the renewable energy sector. The company is making significant strides in solar energy, energy storage, and utility-scale projects, positioning itself well for the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions. However, its financial health warrants careful consideration.

Although Canadian Solar has a solid asset base, its rising debt levels and increasing liabilities each year contribute to heightened financial risk. A significant portion of its revenue is consumed by costs of goods sold and operating expenses, limiting its profitability. As a result, while Canadian Solar has shown growth, its profitability has been inconsistent, and some of its expansion plans have not met expectations.

From a value investing standpoint, Canadian Solar does not appear to be undervalued, which may make it less appealing for investors seeking stocks with strong financials available at a discount. While the company holds substantial growth potential in the renewable energy sector, it’s crucial for investors to consider the associated risks, especially given its financial structure and profitability challenges. A key concern is that despite the increase in revenue, Canadian Solar’s net profit has remained stagnant, signaling potential inefficiencies or other underlying issues that may affect future profitability. Given these factors, our recommendation is to proceed with caution. If you find our analysis valuable, consider subscribing by entering your email below.